555|DELAY|TIMER|FUSE|INST, SUMM
REGS:328P, 84
|AVR-AS|NOTES:328P,84
MCU Predefines: io328p.h, iotnx4.h, and iotn85.h
ACES EAGLE SMT RESOURCES: ACES_SMT.lbr (2020 01 10), ACES_SMT.dru, ACES_SMT.cam, JLCPCB.dru
ACES Alumni Blogs/Companies: Ethan M '18, Ethan P '18, Dan R '19, Mariano E. '15
2022-2023 ICS4U: AVR Optimization
ACES' CHARLIECLOCK (with INDUCTION CHARGING NIGHT STAND?) FramePlayer: Charlieplexing
SAR ADC (Yamada)
MARCH - MAY: AVR-8 Assembly Language Programming of the ATtiny84 (Long ISP)
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
76
May 29

Last Class
Final DER edits/preparation

DER Due Tonight Long ISP
SA, TA, AE, HMS
RM, JR, ES, JS
75
May 25

ISP Presentations
RM, AE, HMS, JR

3.30.2, 3.30.3
74
May 23

ISP Presentations
SA, TA, ES, JS

3.30.2, 3.30.3
73
May 18

Missed Class: Grad Skip Day

 
72
May 16

 

 
71
May 12

AVR Assembly:
POV on the ADC Shield



(Gretzky on the ADC?)

RJHCoding Tutorial:
Loading SRAM
from Flash
70
May 10
ADC Shield Schematic

10. The ADC Shield 
SINGLE-Digit Display (Shiftout)
(Array
Addressing)

69
May 8

Lost Class (Half the class absent)
CHUMP Repatriation
   
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
68
May 4

DDP Universal Shield V2
Assembly s
  • Loops
  • Decisions (compare)
  • Branching
  • Functions
  • Libraries (includes)
67
May 2

  Thorough
Guidance and Support
for
shiftout: Morland Bargraph
3.7
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
66
Apr 28


.db, mov, movw
and, lpm
Legacy Parade:
Dolgin > Schaffer > Morland 1
Assembly s
  • Loops
  • Decisions (compare)
  • Branching
  • Functions
  • Libraries (includes)
3.7
65
Apr 26


.db, mov, movw
and, lpm
DDP Universal Shield V2

Assembly s
  • Loops
  • Decisions (compare)
  • Branching
  • Functions
  • Libraries (includes)

3.7
64
Apr 24


.include
low(), high()
RAMEND, SPL, SPH
cpi, breq, brne
ret, reti
Well-formed AVR Assembly Code
Position the Stack Pointer
Register: SPH:SPL
to the END of SRAM
(
RAMEND:0x025F)
Optimization
Library Path for
.include
7. Schaffer Traffic Light
with WDT Interrupt


ATtiny84 Datasheet:
Watchdog Registers
CHUMP IC Repatriation


3.7
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
63
Apr 20

WatchDog Timer
(2:00)

N. Gammon:
Interrupts

AVR Fuse Calculator

Complete from last class...
STL with (Brute-Force) Shifting

STL with (Scalable) Shifting
Assembly s
  • Loops
  • Decisions (compare)
  • Branching
  • Functions
  • Libraries (includes)
3.7
62
Apr 18

sbi, cbi
cp, cpi, brne
lsl, lsr
sbrs, sbrc

AVR-8 Assembly Language
Schaffer Traffic Light
Register: SREG
 
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
61
Apr 14

← ←DDP Cases Class Set
Modification & Printing

Thanks, Seb A.!!
5. DDBv7 Project Template
6. Schaffer Traffic Light
60
Apr 12

Recall the CHUMP
Instruction Set Summary
Now, Review the AVR
Instruction Set Summary
3. The DDBv7 Schematic
4. The OnBoard LED

AVR Delay Loop
Calculator

(Mulvey/Morland)

CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
59
Apr 6

Mr. D. Absent

Work Period
58
Apr 4


Intense Class
Your First (Default)
AVR Assembly Project
The Power of Debugging

 
AVR Assembly Source

CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
57
Mar 31

Sushi
Lunch

Required Hardware...

Dolgin Dev. Plat.

The (DDPv7)
Dolgin Development Platform


AVR-8 Assembly on the DDBv7:
0. Hardware Assembly
1. IDE Installation
2. In-System Programming
3. The Schematic
CBlink.docx
James has taken the initiative...
ACES' CHARLIECLOCK
Solder Joints

Arriving Next Week...
From the Fall...
CHUMP 4-Bit
Instruction Set (14+)


...to the Spring
AVR 8-bit
Instruction Set (100+)

Online Reference
Summary vs Detailed
AVR Instruction Lists
56
Mar 29

Riley...
Installing Windows and
ATMEL Studio 7
The Knack:
The Curse of the Engineer
3.30.1
JANUARY - MARCH: AVR OPTIMIZATION - Register-Level Programming (Medium ISP)
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
55
Mar 10
Asynchronous Day (Parent/Teacher Interviews)
ISP DER Preparation
54
Mar 8
Presentations
SA, AE, JR, HMS, ES
, RM
MEDIUM ISP
SA*, TA, AE, HMS*
RM*, JR*, ES, JS
3.20.2
3.20.3
53
Mar 6
Presentations
TA, JS

Register-Level Interrupts
Pin Change Interrupts
RotaryEncoderPCInts2223.docx
Pin Change Registers

Terrific PCInt Tutorial...
ElectroN00bs
3.20.2
3.20.3
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
52
Mar 2
EasyEDA's 3D Rendering
Strain/Rogan
4510 → 4511
4516→4517!



First look at...
Register-Level Interrupts
:
External Interrupt 0 and 1
328P Datasheet:
External Interrupts

ATmega328P Registers
Register-Level External Interrupts for
RotaryEncoderNanoPlotter.ino
Recommendations from
M. Elia's version of the
Muir Motor Mount


2.20.2, 2.20.3
Recall from December...

  Again, such a great site,Technoblogy...
ATtiny85 Function Generator
ACES' Frame Player: Waveforms
Sine, Triangle, Sawtooth, Square,
Rectangle, Pulse, Chainsaw, Noise
51
Feb 28
In Class Code Completion of
RLCharlieplexVUMeter

First Look at...
Register-Level Interrupts
RotaryEncoderHighLevel.docx

50
Feb 24
J. Strain's
Control EEPROM PCB

EasyEDA 3D Rendering
In Class Code Development of
RLCharlieplexVUMeter
Charlieplex Matrix...
49
Feb 22


Charliestick V4
Ready for a 'SHaD'
(Software, Hardware and Design)
Challenge?


←2D Charlieplexed Matrix
(modified Sparkfun device)
8 pins = 8×7 = 56 LEDs!
ATtiny84?
2D Charlieplexed Equalizer→
Canned Heat, Dust My Broom
Individual or Class ISP?...
CharlieClock

Ideal Class
( SHaD) Project?

Charlieplex Clock
(in an milled mount?)
Circular LED
Placement in EAGLE


FAMILY DAY WEEKEND (FEB 17-20)
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
48
Feb 16

NCCBarsandDots.docx


Just because he's Ben
Build a
Voltage Multiplier
ACES Primary(?) Theme:
Doing More with Less...
1D Charlieplexing
4 pins = 4×3 = 12 LEDs!

Digital IO Pins in the
High-Z (Impedance) State
Digital IO Pins
ACES' Frame Player: Charlieplexing

Recall & Review
from Grade 11...
External Interrupt, ADC
(Optional) 3.5
47
Feb 14
V4 of...
ACES' Xmas Tree

Back to the Toolchain for a moment...
Arduino C's Sketch 'Host': main.cpp
The (input) principle behind the
ACES' Binary Challenge

Reading a Port


(Optional)
Project 3.5 Binary Challenge
(Optional) 3.5

CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
46
Feb 10
Separation and Reuse of Code
Create a Personal C Library
C = Preprocessor Directives
Project 3.4 Work Period
3.4

Register Level Shiftout

**SA & HMS**, TA & ES,
*AE & RM*, JR & JS
45
Feb 8


Passing an IO Port as a Parameter
  AddressesandPointers.ino
Further Reading...C- Pointers
Separation and Reuse of Code
Create a Personal Library
C = Preprocessor Directives
3.4

44
Feb 6

Period
Rotation
to P1
In-Class Confirmation of your
homework (wait, what?)
outshift()
Project 3.4
Register Level Shiftout

Overloaded 16- and 32-bit
Register-Level shiftout
3.4

CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
Feb 2
Alternate Programming ATmega328P GPIO
Register Reference
 
43
Jan 31
22/23 ACES'
Design Team
(Rogan & Appleyard)
12-LED Bargraph
In-Class Confirmation of your
homework (wait, what?)
outshift()
ACES Primary(?) Theme:
Doing More with Less...
1D Charlieplexing
4 pins = 4×3 = 12 LEDs!
ATtiny85?

12-LED SMT
Charliestick V4

CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
42
Jan 27
RSGC ACES'
Optical Options for
Register-Level
Reconsideration...
AVR Optimization (pp. 5-7)
Register-Level Digital I/O
...on the ATtiny85:

BicolorBlink

shiftout()

Soldering of your
ACES' Charlieplex Bargraph
shiftOut() Timing


41
Jan 25


NCCBarsandDots.docx

Register Level
Introduces
structs & pointers
Nano Coding Companion
Bars or Dots Increasing



Check out:
Arduino Core Library for pinMode()
Hmmm....Most Efficient Blink?
Watch for the Hidden Gem
See ATmega328P Datasheet
§ 14.1, 3rd Paragraph

First Look at
GPIO tasks
for your ATtiny85

Install Konde's
ATtinyCore
BicolorBlink
on your ATtiny85
40
Jan 23

AVR Optimization (pp. 5-7)
Register-Level Digital I/O

GPIO Tasks
Nano
Coding Companion
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
39
Jan 19
ATmega328P GPIO
Register Reference
MHF4U Exam (8:45-12)
AVR Optimization (pp. 5-7)
Register-Level Digital I/O

GPIO Tasks
Epoxy Bargraphs


Nano
Coding Companion
38
Jan 17


ATmega328P
Software Concept:
Function Overloading
AVR Optimization (pp. 5-7)
Register-Level Digital I/O

BitsandBytes
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
37
Jan 13
TA Sushi Lunch
AVR Optimization (pp. 5-7)
Register-Level Digital I/O
BitsandBytes.ino
AVR Register
Summaries

mega328P, tiny84
3.20.1
36
Jan 11
How might this latest disruptor
influence your ISP choices?


Write a register-level Arduino program to blink an LED

AVR Optimization (pp. 5-7)
Register-Level Digital I/O
RSGC ACES
Engineering The
Foundation

ACES' SMT Parts
Flat Flex Cable (FFC)
NOVEMBER - DECEMBER: Digital Design I - Gate-Level Minimization of Combinational Circuits, Karnaugh Maps, Decoders
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
35
Dec 20
Presentations
RM, TA, AE, ES
SHORT ISP
SA, TA, AE, HMS
RM, JR, ES, JS
3.10.3
3.10.4
34
Dec 16
Presentations
SA, HMS, JR, JS
  3.10.3
3.10.4
33
Dec 14
Condensed
Our Digital Design Destination!
3. Gate-Level Minimization
(for the FULL (4517) BCD Decoder)
4517Workbook.docx
32
Dec 12

2.5 Boolean Functions
2.6 Canonical and Standard Forms
Minterms and Maxterms
   
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
31
Dec 8
ACES First-Ever IC ?
The 4517

One can only dream :)
2. Boolean Algebra and
Logic Gates

Axioms, Theorems, and Postulates
of Boolean Algebra
30
Dec 6
G. Signed

Digital Design
§ 1.6 Signed Binary Numbers
§ 1.7 Binary Codes (BCD & Gray Codes)
§ 1.9 Definition of Binary Logic
Hwk: 1.2, 1.7, 1.14 a) c), 1.15 a) c)
Rotary Encoder

16-PPR Gray Code
Truth Table

CLASS REFERENCE CONCEPTS SUPPLEMENTARY SUBMISSIONS
29
Dec 2
Digital Design
§ 1.5 Complements
§ 1.6 Signed Binary Numbers
§ 1.7 Binary Codes (BCD & Gray Codes)
Hwk: 1.2, 1.7, 1.14 a) c), 1.15 a) c)
3.3
28
Nov 30

4511Emulator.ino
Binary Game
Ben Eater:
2's Complement
Signed 8-bit binary

G. Signed
C++ Operators and Precedence
Digital Design
Circles and Squares

ACES' Alumni Visit (12:45-1:45):
Seb Atkinson
(ACES '21, Waterloo '26)
ECE190...
Goldman & Atkinson's
Clue Capturer
Rotary (Optical)
Encoder
Gray Code
CHUMP: Final
SA, TA, AE, HMS
RM, JR*, ES, JS
First look at:
Rotary Encoders:


Pololu Tutorial:
Optical Encoding
27
Nov 28

Instead of a Control Code EEPROM...
Imagine exclusive Hardware Control over
the CHUMP Control Codes as a
Combinational Circuit
Foundations of
Boolean Functions &
Boolean Algebra

4511
BCD to 7-Segment
Display Driver

Hackaday CHUMP
Verilog Tutorial
4511
3.2.5

OCTOBER-NOV: CHUMP II - EEPROM Burner, Program EEPROM, RAM, MUX, NAND, ALU, & Control EEPROM
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
26
Nov 24
J. Dolgin '20

The Best CHUMP
DER Nav Pane Ever?

Final
CHUMP Build Session

DER Finishing Touches

X. Chin's Final CHUMP Video
X. Chin '22


3.2.5
25
Nov 22
A. Goldman '21
ACES' Alumni Visit (7:30-8:30):
Jamie Linsdell
(ACES '16, Queen's Eng. '20)
Queen's University Medallist
(Highest Engineering Graduate Average)
CHUMP Build Session
Chumpanese

A. Goldman's
Final CHUMP Video

J. Shibley '21
3.2.5
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
24
Nov 17
Asynch.
P/T Ints.
J. Dolgin '20
CHUMP Build Session
Control EEPROM is flashed
RAM, MUX, ALU, NAND

J Dolgin's
Final CHUMP Video
M. McCutcheon '20
3.2.5
23
Nov 15
  CHUMP Build Session
Control EEPROM is flashed
RAM, MUX, ALU, NAND
  3.2.5
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
22
Nov 9
1:25 - 2:55
VISIT TO ARGON PROTOTYPES
12V Peltier Test Module
Code Studio
21
Nov 7
ACES' Alumni Visit (3-4):
Graydon Benson
(GB Machine!)
(ACES '19, Calgary Eng&Comm. '24)
CHUMP Control EEPROM (cont'd)
Graydon's
recommendation
is the reason we call
our Project Archives,
(D)ER.docx
CHUMP: Arithmetic
and Logic Unit (ALU)

AE*
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
20
Nov 3
Date for Visit to
Argon Prototypes:
Nov 9
ACES' Alumni DES Visit (3-4)
Xander Chin
(ACES '22, Western Eng. '26)
CHUMP Buses (pp.36-39):
Data, Control
CHUMP Control EEPROM
CHUMPControlCodesWorksheet.docx

19
Nov 1
Uni Update?
Group Build Session

A=B pin:
Open Collector!
Arithmetic Logic Unit:
Breadboard Explorer
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
18
Oct 28

TA Sushi Lunch
K. Shirriff's Blog...
Inside the vintage
74LS181 ALU chip:
How it works and
why it's so strange

Mar: Circa 2015...
Remaining CHUMP IC Presentations
SA (Mux), TA (NAND), JR (ALU)
Overview of the 74LS181
Arithmetic and Logic Unit
After-school CNC Meeting with
Mariano & Emilio Elia
of Argon Prototypes
Hackster.io: Photon Flip-Dot Clock
RSGC Computing...
...Circa 1980

Arithmetic Logic Unit
17
Oct 26
J. Shibley's
Custom ALU
CHUMP IC Presentations
AE, RM, ES
LR-C: Falstad Logic
Watch the Insanely-Inspiring...
...ACES '21...
← ALU Lockdown Legacies →
L. R-C's ALU Shleld
3.2.3
CHUMP:
Program EEPROM

SA, TA, AE*, HMS*
RM, JR*, ES,
JS* (Must-see intro)
16
Oct 24
CHUMP Buses (pp.36-40):
Address, Data, Control
CHUMP Control EEPROM
3.2.3
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
15
Oct 20
CHUMP
Program EEPROM Work Period

3.2.2
14
Oct 18

Shield Burner Code
ACES' EEPROM
Display Enhancement
CHUMP
Wire your EEPROMs
(with LED or LB-602MK2
for this weekend's DER


Shield Schematic
BB Flashing of
Swapping Variables
CHUMPanese Code
3.2.2
Program and Control
EEPROMs
(AT28C16)

Feinberg Example:
82 10 21 62 A0
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
13
Oct 14
For Confirmation...
CNC
Meeting/Visit

Proposed Date:
Friday October
28
(3-4 PM) ?

ACES' Alumni Visit (3-4):
Puneet Bagga
(ACES '17, U of T Eng '22)
CHUMP
EEPROM IC Presentation: HMS
Overview of the
AT28C16 EEPROM and Paging

Feinberg Example Code
Shield Burner's
Flashing of
Feinberg's Sample Code

3.2.2
12
Oct 12

ACES' Alumni Visit (3-4):
Ethan Peterson
(ACES '18, Queen's Eng '23)
Rocker Switches
ESSENTIAL Viewing
for coming classes.
B. Eater's:
Using an EEPROM to replace
Combinational Logic

AND
Build an EEPROM Programmer
Dividend: A terrific review
of your ICS2O-E and ICS3U-E skills!

RockerEcho.ino
(pull down example)
From your Grade 10
DC Circuits Workbook...


3.2.2
SEPTEMBER: CHUMP I - Introduction and Design: Code, Clock, Counter (Short ISP)
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
11
Oct 7
Asynchronous Work Period
***Cycle 3/Day 1 Period Rotation***
1. ICS2O-1, 2.ICS4U, 3. ICS3U, 4. ICS2O-2
3.2.1
CHUMP:
Clock, Counter, Code

SA, TA, AE*, HMS**
RM*, JR**, ES, JS*
10
Oct 5
CHUMP
(Full) Clock Build Session, Clock (NE555)
CHUMP: Code (Part 2)
3. if..then..else (p. 10)
4. While loop (p. 11)
5. Arrays (p. 11)
(74LS04) (INVERTER)
(74LS08)
(74LS32)
3.2.1
9
Oct 3
CHUMP IC Presentation: JS
+ Program Counter (74LS161)
with /CLR feature
+ External NAND (74LS00) (LOAD)

Review of the Chumpanese...
Instruction Summary (p. 7)

CHUMP: Code (Part 1)
1. Feinberg Sample Code (p. 12)
2. Swapping Variables (p. 10)

CHUMP VM
(CodePen)

Feinberg Resources:
Chumpanese Tutorial
CHUMP Lab
(74LS00) (LOAD)
Chumpanese: Multiply
CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
8
Sep 29

B. Eater's terrific 4-part video series:
Part 3. Bistable
Part 4. Clock Logic
CHUMP: Clock
(Short) Clock Build Session
The S-R Latches


IC Socket with
Decoupling Capacitor
7
Sep 27
555 Tutorial
CHUMP: Clock
B. Eater's terrific 4-part video series:
Part 1: Astable
Part 2. Monostable
M. McCutcheon's (ACES' 20)
Sep 23 TERRY FOX DAY
6
Sep 22
Curr.
Night

Alan Turing's
Famous Paper:
(paving the way for the modern computer)

"On Computable Numbers
With an Application
to the
Entscheidungsproblem"
CHUMP
Cheap Homebrew Understandable
Minimal Processor

The CHUMPANESE Language, Reflections
CHUMP
IC Assignments
CHUMP VM
(CodePen)

CHUMPVM Tutorial
3.2.1

BusBoard BB100R Power Rail
5
Sep 20
D. Feinberg's
CHUMP Paper:

A Simple and Affordable TTL Processor
for the Classroom
-
pp. 4-5
Review: Formatting SI Units
CHUMP
Cheap Homebrew Understandable
Minimal Processor

Control Logic
3.2.1

CLASS SUPPLEMENTARY CONCEPTS PROJECTS SUBMISSIONS
4
Sep 16
B. Hexadecimal
CHUMP (3-4)
Cheap Homebrew Understandable
Minimal Processor

Instruction Set

Reorder Details
3.13.10.1
SMT: PB Machine
SA, TA, AE, HMS*
RM, JR*, ES, JS
3
Sep 14
B. Hexadecimal

ATtiny84 SMT Trainer
Numbers By Base

CHUMP (1-2)
Cheap Homebrew Understandable
Minimal Processor
RSGC ACES'
Common SMT Parts
Induction: L. Cassano

3.13.10.1
2
Sep 12
TA Day Assignments
Short ISP Proposal
Due: Sat. Sep. 17



Starters are a
dime-a-dozen...
Configure 12 Benches for Soldering

Short ISP Options,
Discussion, and Expectations

DES SMT Soldering (3 Options):
1. Hand (0.3mm solder wire)
2. AOYUE 968 Hot Air Rework Station
3. DIY Reflow Oven
(Stencils &Examples)

BBC: Curiosity
The Driver of Success?

SMT: Focus on Thin...



The
MorlandBargraphV4
in action
3.13.10.1


1
Sep 8

Day Calendar
Short ISP Proposal
Due: Sat. Sep. 17

Student Outline
Mr. D's Timetable
2022/2023 ACES' Program
Our ACES' Program: Contradictions
Distribution of and Workbooks
Ethan McAuliffe's:
2022 Canadian International Rover Challenge
Wrap-Up Video

ACES Hall of Fame:
Schulich Leader: Xander Chin '22
D. Raymond '19
E. McAuliffe '18, E. Peterson '18
Mariano Elia '15:
Hackster.io,
Argon Prototypes

September Q and A
Jumper Wire
Supplements
(0.3" and 0.4")


Apple's Repair Kit
I have no formal training in electronics or electrical engineering - I'm just really interested in this field. The knowledge and skill I have has been largely acquired over the last few years from learning alongside many talented Georgians and I look forward to expanding my capabilities by working with you this year.
I ask six things of my ACES (for most other things I'm usually flexible):
1. Do not cheat.
2. Show respect for adult visitors that enter the DES by immediately stopping what you are doing, standing and facing the individual(s).
3. Show respect for the lab by not eating in the DES. You may go into the hallway for a quick bite if you need to.
4. Show respect for the lab's resources by not wasting or misusing them.
5. Show respect for others that use the lab by putting your projects away and leaving your bench area tidy when you leave.
6. Show respect for yourself by looking (and speaking) your best. It's the little things keep the doors of opportunity open.
Growing Success, p. 29
Responsibility, Organization, Independent Work, Collaboration, Initiative, Self-Reliant Growing Success. p.11.

It is worth noting, right from the start, that assessment is a human process, conducted by and with human beings, and subject inevitably to the frailties of human judgment.
However crisp and objective we might try to make it, and however neatly quantifiable may be our "results", assessment is closer to art than science.
It is, after all, an exercise in human communication.
Knowledge: Subject-specific content acquired in each course (knowledge), and the comprehension of its meaning and significance (understanding).
Thinking: The use of critical and creative thinking skills and/or processes, as follows:
Communication: The conveying of meaning through various forms, as follows:
Application: The use of knowledge and skills to make connections within and between various contexts.