Standalone Arduino (November 2017)

 

Here's a summary of how to get started with a standalone Arduino or, more accurately, a standalone ATmega328 (Click to enlarge either image). Clockwise from the top left,

  1. (Optional) Using the RSGC ACES ISP Breakout board, your can reflash the IC while it remains in place.
  2. The LED is attached to PORTB, Pin 5 aka digital pin 13. No resistor is necessary as there is an internal 20K en each of the output pins.
  3. (Optional) The operating voltage range of the ATmega328P is 1.8-5.5V. To permit the use of 6V-12V ACDC Adapter, one should use either a 78L05 (max 100mA) or 7805 (max 1A) voltage regulator. Shoulder caps (~33uF) are optional over these short distances but are recommended for filtering noise.
  4. The typical operating frequency of the ATmega328P is 16MHz. An external crystal, again with shoulder caps provides the most accurate clock signal. A 16MHz three-pin resonator is a convenient alternative as it has builtin capacitors.
  5. A DC Jack in this position provides convenient access for external power.
  6. A reset switch, attached to a 10k pullup resistor, is used to restart the sketch.
  7. The 28-pin ATmega328P microcontroller IC.
ATmega328P Pin Mapping Standalone Arduino